Knowledge What Are RGB, RGBW, RGBA and RGBWA LEDs?

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Knowledge What Are RGB, RGBW, RGBA and RGBWA LEDs?

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RGB, RGBW, RGBA and RGBWA LEDs are multi-chip or multi-channel LED packages designed to produce a broad spectrum of precisely controllable light, including white light of different chromaticities and millions of saturated colors and pastels. An RGB LED refers to an LED package that integrates red, blue and green LED chips. An RGBW LED package includes red, blue, green, and white LED chips. An RGBA LED package include red, blue, green, amber or yellow LED chips. An RGBWA LED package include red, blue, green, white, and amber LED chips.

The RGB LED contains the minimum number of LED colors for full-color tuning and additive color synthesis of white light. However, additive color mixing with RGB LEDs fails to achieve white light with good color rendering ability because of the gaps in the light spectrum between the narrow bands of the primaries. An RGB LED’s of spectral content lacks cyan, yellow and orange. Using RGB LEDs to produce white light also suffers from low luminous efficacy due primarily to the poor quantum efficiency of green LEDs.

Adding a white LED to the RGB package creates a balance between high luminous efficacy and high color rendering. More saturated reds and a full range of pastels can also be created with RGBW LEDs. Adding an amber LED the RGB package creates a larger gamut than that from red, green, and blue alone. The available range of colors from RGBA (RGBY) LEDs is therefore expanded to include warmer tones such as rich gold, yellow, and orange shades. Adding both amber and white LEDs allows to harvest the benefits of both RGBW and RGBA LEDs.

The diodes for emitting light with monochromatic colors are fabricated from two types of LED chips. The red and amber diodes are made typically using aluminum indium gallium phosphide (AlInGaP) chip technology. The white LED, and green, cyan and blue diodes are fabricated using indium gallium nitride (InGaN) chip technology.

To produce predictable colors from a multichip LED package and maintain a consistent color point, each of its LED channels requires individual, accurate dimming control.
 
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